2013年2月26日星期二

NASA deciphering the mysterious math of the solar wind

NASA deciphering the mysterious math of the solar wind 
Many areas of scientific research — Earth's weather, ocean currents, the outpouring of magnetic energy from the Sun — require mapping out the large-scale features of a complex system and its intricate details simultaneously.Describing such systems accurately relies on numerous kinds of input, beginning with observations of the system, incorporating mathematical equations to approximate those observations, running computer simulations to attempt to replicate observations,More importantly, these wholesale manicure products and other valuable bachelor pad items that increase the functionality of a residential space can already be purchased online from several reliable sources.For last impression and to make a day perfectly memorable, people prefer artful cheap Stainless Steel Whisky Stones online store items to keep their families and loved ones always connected. and cycling back through all the steps to refine and improve the models until they jibe with what's seen.knives supplier Ultimately, the models successfully help scientists describe, and even predict, how the system works. 
Understanding the Sun and how the material and energy it sends out affects the solar system is crucial, because it creates a dynamic space weather system that can disrupt human technology in space such as communications and global positioning system (GPS) satellites.However, the Sun and its prodigious stream of solar particles, called the solar wind, can be particularly tricky to model; as the material streams to the outer reaches of the solar system, it carries along its own magnetic fields. The magnetic forces add an extra set of laws to incorporate when trying to determine what's governing the movement. Indeed, until now, equations for certain aspects of the solar wind have never been successfully devised to correlate to the observations seen by instruments in space.Xinjiang Intencive tour Now, for the first time, a scientist at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, has created a set of the necessary equations. 
"Since the 1970s, scientists have known that movement in the solar wind often has the characteristics of a kind of wave called an Alfvén wave,Where giving traditional rings as Soapstone Whisky Stones require the complex knowledge of a specific size and tend to be a serious symbol of commitment." said Aaron Roberts from Goddard. "Imagine you have a jump rope and you wiggle one end so that it sends waves down the rope. Alfvén waves are similar, but the moving rope is a magnetic field line itself."The Alfvén waves in this case tended to have great consistency in height — or amplitude, which is the common term when talking about waves — but they are random in direction. You might think of it like a jump rope twirling, always the same distance from center, but nonetheless able to be in many places in space. Another way scientists have envisioned the waves is as a "random walk on a sphere." Again, always the same distance from a given center, but with a variable placement.

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